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Orthotics
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Not to be confused with Prosthetics.
"Orthotist", "orthopaedic brace" and "ankle-foot orthotic (AFO)" redirect here,
where they are dealt with in their respective sections.
Two different braces used to treat scoliosis
Orthotics (Greek: Ορθός, ortho, "to straighten" or "align") is a section within
the medical field concerned with the design, manufacture and application of
orthoses. An orthosis or orthotic (plural: orthoses or orthotics) is an
orthopedic device which support or correct the function of a limb or the torso.
An orthopaedic brace, "appliance", orthotic, or simply brace is an orthopaedic
device used to control and/or guide and/or limit and/or immobilize an extremity,
joint or body segment for a given reason; to restrict movement in a given
direction; to assist movement more generally; to reduce weight bearing forces
for a particular mobility purpose; to help with rehabilitation from fractures
after the removal of a medical cast; or to otherwise correct the shape and/or
function of the body to provide easier movement capability and/or reduce pain.
It combines disciplines of study within the health and physical sciences,
mathematics and engineering ie materials engineering, gait analysis, anatomy and
physiology, patho-physiology, biomechanics, and psychology contribute to the
work done by orthotists, the professionals engaged in the field of orthotics.
Individuals who benefit from an orthosis have sustained a physical impairment
such as a stroke, spinal cord injury, or a congenital abnormality such as spina
bifida or cerebral palsy. Corrective shoe inserts are often referred to as
orthotics. Pedorthics and Certified Pedorthic Practitioners called Pedorthists
are specialists in orthotics that deal with foot orthotics.
An orthotist is a clinician involved with assessment and/or evaluation, design,
fabrication of an orthosis or orthoses. A brace of this type is intended to
mechanically compensate for a pathological condition, so orthotists are
inherently required to be regulated by a certifying body. Licensure in some
states within the USA may also be required for these medical professionals. The
orthotist maintains certification through mandatory continuing education program
of the Board under which s/he is certified and adherence to the Board's Code of
Professional Responsibility is compulsory.
An important problem in the production of Orthotics, is a common Codification of
theese products, a common terminology in names, and finally common technical
specifications. A simple proposal for common codification of Orthotics has
intended by the Greek Orthopaedic Surgeon Dr. Harry Gouvas
UK
In the UK a brace of this kind is usually referred to as a caliper (sometimes
calliper in British spelling). Often the older type of leg brace is meant when "caliper"
is used, constructed of steel side bars and ring, with spurs which fit into a
metal tube in the heel of an adapted shoe or boot, and with leather straps and
bands around the leg to hold the splint in position. The straps can be secured
with velcro, but many patients prefer buckles. This type of caliper can either
be non-weight relieving or, by slight lengthening, made to relieve weight by
raising the heel of the foot away from the heel of the shoe or boot. These
splints have to be individually made by an orthotist or appliance maker closely
to fit the particular contours of the leg being supported.
UNITED STATES
A Licensed Orthotist is an Orthotist who is recognized by the particular state
in which they are licensed to have met basic standards of proficiency as
determined by examination and experience to adequately and safely contribute to
the health of the residents of that state. A BOC Certified Orthotist or BOCO is
an Orthotist who has passed the certification standards of The Board for
Orthotist/Prosthetist Certification and maintains certification through
mandatory continuing education program and adherence to the Board's Code of
Professional Responsibility. A Certified Orthotist (CO) is an Orthotist who has
passed the certification standards of the American Board of Certification in
Orthotics & Prosthetics.
A Certified Orthotist or CO(c) is an Orthotist who has met the highest standards
set by the Canadian Board for Certification of Prosthetists and Orthotists (CBCPO)
and maintains certification through mandatory continuing education programs and
adherence to the CBCPO's Code of Ethics.
A Certified Pedorthist or CPed(C) Canadian Certified Pedorthists are orthotic
and footwear experts. Pedorthists (C. Ped (C)) are one of the few healthcare
professionals trained in the assessment of lower limb anatomy and biomechanics.
With specialized education and training in the design, manufacture, fit and
modification of foot orthotics and footwear, Pedorthists help to alleviate pain,
abnormalities and debilitating conditions of the lower limbs and feet that if
left untreated could result in limited mobility.
CANADA
In Canada, to become certified as a pedorthist it is generally required that you
hold a bachelors degree in kinesiology followed by a post degree (diploma in
pedorthics from the University of Western Ontario). This is followed by a
rigorous internship program and a two part clinical and practical examination.
The clinician's duties include gait analysis, casting, measuring, fabricating
and fitting orthotic devices.
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